معماران یادگیری: محیط سازنده‌گرا و پیامدهای آن بر عملکرد و درگیری تحصیلی در ریاضیات پایه ششم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامه درسی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه مازندران ، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، ایران

10.22034/cipj.2025.68580.1300

چکیده

هدف: امروزه، در نظام‌های آموزشی پویا، رویکرد سازنده‌گرایی، به عنوان پارادایمی نوین در طراحی محیط‌های یادگیری، بر نقش فعال دانش‌آموز در ساخت دانش تأکید دارد و می‌تواند پیامدهای مثبتی بر یادگیری داشته باشد. از این رو، هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی پیامدهای محیط یادگیری سازنده‌گرا بر عملکرد و درگیری تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان پایه ششم در درس ریاضیات بوده است.
روش پژوهش: روش پژوهش نیمه‌آزمایشی از نوع پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانش‌آموزان دختر پایه ششم شهر آمل در سال تحصیلی 1401-1402 به تعداد 5487 نفر بود که با استفاده از شیوه نمونه‌گیری تصادفی جایگزینی، 60 نفر (30 نفر در گروه کنترل و 30 نفر در گروه آزمایش) انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد عملکرد تحصیلی فام و تایلر (1999)  و درگیری تحصیلی زرنگ (1392) بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از تحلیل واریانس تک متغیره و چند متغیره استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد که محیط یادگیری سازنده‌گرا بر عملکرد تحصیلی و ابعاد آن شامل خودکارآمدی (ES=0/472, p<0/05)، تاثیرات هیجانی (ES=0/535, p<0/05)، برنامه‌ریزی (ES=0/548, p<0/05)، فقدان کنترل پیامد (ES=0/317, p<0/05)، انگیزش (ES=0/143, p<0/05) و نمره کل عملکرد تحصیلی (ES=0/644, p<0/05) تأثیر معناداری دارد. همچنین، محیط یادگیری سازنده‌گرا بر خرده‌مقیاس‌های درگیری شناختی (ES=0/181, p<0/05)، درگیری انگیزشی (ES=0/153, p<0/05)، درگیری رفتاری (ES=0/059, p<0/05) و نمره کل درگیری تحصیلی (ES=0/317, p<0/05) نیز مؤثر بوده است.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر این اساس، می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که طراحی و اجرای محیط‌های یادگیری سازنده‌گرا به طور قابل توجهی منجر به بهبود عملکرد و افزایش سطح درگیری تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان می‌شود. بنابراین، پیشنهاد می‌شود معلمان، به ویژه در درس ریاضی، با بهره‌گیری از اصول سازنده‌گرایی در کلاس‌های درس خود، فضایی فعال و پویا ایجاد کنند تا از این طریق، ضمن ارتقاء عملکرد تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان، علاقه و مشارکت آنان را نیز در فرآیند یادگیری به حداکثر رسانده و رضایت تحصیلی بالاتری را برای آنان به ارمغان آورند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Learning Architects: Constructivist Environment and Its Implications on Academic Performance and Engagement in Sixth Grade Mathematics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Divsalar 1
  • Mohsen Hajitabar Firouzjaee 2
  • Meimanat Abedini Baltork 2
1 MA Student in Curriculum Studies, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: Today, in dynamic educational systems, the constructivist approach, as a new paradigm in designing learning environments, emphasizes the active role of students in constructing knowledge and can have positive consequences on learning. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the consequences of a constructivist learning environment on the performance and academic engagement of sixth grade students in mathematics.
Method: The research method was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all sixth-grade female students in Amol in the academic year 2022-2023, totaling 5487 people, of which 60 people (30 in the control group and 30 in the experimental group) were selected using random replacement sampling. The research tools included the standard academic performance questionnaires of Pham & Tyler (1999), and Zarang Academic Engagement (2013). Univariate and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data.
Results: The findings showed that the constructivist learning environment had a significant effect on academic performance and its dimensions including self-efficacy (ES=0.472, p<0.05), emotional effects (ES=0.535, p<0.05), planning (ES=0.548, p<0.05), lack of outcome control (ES=0.317, p<0.05), motivation (ES=0.143, p<0.05), and total academic performance score (ES=0.644, p<0.05). Also, the constructivist learning environment had an effect on the subscales of cognitive engagement (ES=0.181, p<0.05), motivational engagement (ES=0.153, p<0.05), behavioral engagement (ES=0.059, p<0.05), and total academic engagement score (ES=0.317, p<0.05).
Conclusion: Accordingly, it can be concluded that the design and implementation of constructivist learning environments significantly improves students' performance and increases their level of academic engagement. Therefore, it is suggested that teachers, especially in mathematics, create an active and dynamic environment by utilizing constructivist principles in their classrooms, in order to improve students' academic performance, maximize their interest and participation in the learning process, and bring them higher academic satisfaction.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • constructivist learning environment
  • academic performance
  • academic engagement
  • students
  • elementary
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 23 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 خرداد 1405